Month: July 2025

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Abhidhamma Buddhism Citta English

An Overview of the Citta Classification

Lesson 16

An Overview of the Citta Classification

We have now studied the basic classification of the 89 or 121 cittas.

Let us look at the entire classification one more time:

The above chart shows the classification of 89 cittas. There are 89 cittas in total when the lokuttara cittas are taken as 8 in number – that is – when magga cittas are taken as 4 in number and phala cittas are also taken as 4 in number.

Let us see the chart for classification of cittas if their total number is 121:

When the magga cittas are taken as 20 in number and phala cittas are also taken as 20 in number – the total number of lokuttara cittas becomes 40.

As a result the total number of cittas now becomes 121 in number.

So remember this point –

When we consider the total number of cittas as 89 – it means that we consider the lokuttara cittas to be 8 in number. [ magga cittas 4 + phala cittas 4 ]

When we consider the total number of cittas as 121 – it means that we are taking the lokuttara cittas to be 40 in number. [ magga cittas 20 + phala cittas 20 ]

This is so because each of the 4 magga cittas can be of 5 types, depending on the jhāna level.

Study the Lesson 15 one more time if you are not clear about this point.

Revise these lessons well before you continue learning.
It is good that you have learnt so much.
May this kusala kamma help you to abide by the Lord Buddha’s Teaching and gain greater and greater happiness.

When you can recollect the lessons at ease, proceed further to ‘FURTHER CLASSIFICATIONS OF CITTAS’. They are quite easy. But finish these lesson first before you proceed.

To read more from the original source: Lesson 1 – Citta – RUKKHA MŪLA (wordpress.com)

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Education English Taunggalay Buddhist College (TBC)

📣 Taunggalay Buddhist College (TBC) Officially Launches Online Learning Program

Hpa-An, Myanmar — July 14, 2025

Taunggalay Buddhist College proudly launched its inaugural online academic program today, marking a significant step in bringing higher education to the monastic and rural communities of Myanmar through modern technology. The launch begins with its first cohort of 30 students—28 young monastics from Taunggalay Monastery and 2 lay students from Taunggalay village—who will be pioneering the college’s innovative learning journey.

Built on a Learning Management System (LMS) inspired by Moodle, Taunggalay Buddhist College offers a two-year online degree program that blends traditional Theravāda Buddhist education with modern academic disciplines such as mathematics, chemistry, English, and physics. This initiative represents a bold mission: “Where Buddhism Meets Science.”

Before beginning their academic coursework, students will first complete New Student Orientation (NSO 0001)—an introductory course designed to help them navigate the LMS, get comfortable with digital learning tools, and understand the college’s expectations and community values.

The college’s online model includes:

  • Downloadable learning materials
  • Interactive quizzes at the end of each unit
  • Peer-reviewed assignments
  • Discussion forums for collaborative learning

Photos and screenshots from the platform show students’ early engagement, including discussion posts and sample quiz questions.

Disclaimer: Some of the course images are generated using AI for inspirational purposes only and may not accurately depict real-life situations.

The official website of Taunggalay Buddhist College is also now live, offering more information on admissions, curriculum, and upcoming events.

This launch not only signals a new chapter in the history of Buddhist education in Myanmar but also demonstrates how technology can serve as a bridge between tradition and innovation—bringing the Dhamma into the digital age.

🔗 Visit the college website: https://buddhism.mahar.asia

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Categories
English Lethwei Sport

BKFC is officially in the Lethwei business 

Featured Image: Martial Arts Myanmar 2.0 & Combat Sports Today

Lethwei, also known as Burmese boxing, fighters compete bareknuckle and are allowed to use elbows, knees and headbutts.

One of the most brutal combat sport on the planet.

(via BKFC Champions Summit)

Follow @cstodaynews for more combat sports news 

#BKFC#Lethwei

Source: BKFC’S CONOR MCGREGOR AND DAVID FELDMAN BREAK GAME CHANGING NEWS! TOP CHAMPIONS COLLIDE IN HOLLYWOOD, FL! | BKFC

https://www.facebook.com/photo/?fbid=693153900385379&set=bkfc-is-officially-in-the-lethwei-business-lethwei-also-known-as-burmese-boxing-

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Buddhism Linguistics

KACCĀYANA VYĀKARAṆAṀ

(Kaccāyana’s Pāḷi Grammar)

By Ven. Kaccāyana Mahāthera

Department of Pāḷi
International Theravāda Buddhist Missionary University
Yangon, Myanmar
May 25, 2007

  1. (Chapter I) (SANDHI-KAPPA)1 (Euphonic combination)
  2. (Chapter II) (NĀMA-KAPPA)2 (Noun)
  3. (Chapter III) (KĀRAKA-KAPPA) (Syntax)
  4. (Chapter IV) (SAMĀSA-KAPPA) (Compound)
  5. (Chapter V) (TADDHITA-KAPPA) (Nominal derivative)
  6. (Chapter VI) (ĀKHYĀTA-KAPPA) (Verb)
  7. (Chapter VII) (KIBBIDHĀNA-KAPPA) (Verbal derivative)
  8. (Chapter VIII) (UṆĀDI-KAPPA) (Affixes)

Read More:

  1. Kaccāyana Grammar and Saddanīti Grammar
  2. Kaccayana’s documentation (https://kaccayana.readthedocs.io/en/latest/index.html)
  3. 𑀲𑀦𑁆𑀥𑀺𑀓𑀧𑁆𑀧 (Sandhikappa) (https://christham.net/)
    • "sandhi is derived from saṃ + dhā meaning “putting together” and is used to refer to the transformation that results from the joining together of two words (or two parts of a word) for the sake of euphony.”
  4. Satimā

Footnotes:

  1. https://dn721804.ca.archive.org/0/items/kaccayana-pali-vyakaran-sandhi-kappa-vol.-1/kaccayana%20pali%20vyakaran%20%28%20sandhi%20kappa%20%29%20Vol.1.pdf ↩︎
  2. https://ia600500.us.archive.org/3/items/kaccayana-pali-vyakaran-nama-kappa-vol.-2/kaccayana%20pali%20vyakaran%20%28%20nama%20kappa%20%29%20Vol.2.pdf ↩︎

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Categories
Politics

Thailand’s Constitutional Court Suspends Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra Pending Ethics Probe

Thailand’s Constitutional Court has suspended Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra from office as of Tuesday, July 1, 2025, pending an ethics investigation into her conduct during a leaked phone call with Cambodia’s influential former leader Hun Sen. The court accepted a petition from 36 senators accusing Paetongtarn of dishonesty and breaching ethical standards in violation of the constitution, specifically related to remarks made during the June 15 call, which was intended to ease escalating border tensions but included criticism of a Thai military commander—a sensitive issue in a country with strong military influence.

The court voted 7-2 to suspend her from her prime ministerial duties while the investigation proceeds. Paetongtarn has 15 days to present her defense. During her suspension, Deputy Prime Minister Suriya Jungrungreangkit is expected to serve as acting prime minister. Following a cabinet reshuffle, Paetongtarn will remain in government as the new culture minister.

The fallout from the leaked conversation has triggered public outrage, mass protests, and the withdrawal of a key coalition partner, leaving her government with a razor-thin majority and facing an imminent no-confidence vote in parliament. Paetongtarn’s approval rating has plummeted, and she faces mounting calls for her resignation. This suspension marks another episode in Thailand’s ongoing political turbulence, with legal and parliamentary battles continuing to shape the country’s leadership.

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